He was also an ardent admirer of the excellences of the holy martyr Pamphilus, for which cause some say that he took from him the surname Pamphili. (33) General Elementary Introduction, consisting of ten books, of which VI-IX are extant under the title of "Prophetical Extracts". For, quoting from the Apology of Pamphilus the Martyr (which we have proved to be the work of Eusebius, prince of Arians)," etc. "For who of the faithful ones in the Church, and who of those who have obtained a knowledge of true doctrine, does not know that Eusebius Pamphili has given himself over to false ways of thinking, and has become of the same opinion and of the same mind with those who follow after the opinions of Arius? For a general introduction to the Life of Constantine, please see the commentary on I.8.. Ecclesiastical approbation. For the episcopal lists in the Church History, see article on the Chronicle. He then recounts how, at Rome, Pope Dionysius (259-268) succeeded Xystus, and about the same time Paul of Samosata became Bishop of Antioch. This work has already been mentioned in connexion with Pamphilus. ", viii, 1). Bacchus, Francis Joseph. (6) The Life of Constantine, in four books. Did not the followers of Eusebius rise up against us on account of the Arian madness? The "Præparatio" is a gigantic feat of erudition, and, according to Harnack (Chronologie, II, p. 120), was, like many of Eusebius's other works, actually composed during the stress of the persecution. About this page 77, 78). Hierocles, who, as governor in Bithynia and in Egypt, was a cruel enemy of the Christians during the persecution, before the persecution had attacked them with the pen. Eusebius does not "indirectly confess", but openly avows, that he passes over certain scandals, and he enumerates them and denounces them. — Sanday, "Journal of Theolog. Eusebius of Nicomedia was initially bishop of Berytus (modern day Beirut) in Phoenicia. Eusebius (c.260–c.340).Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine and church historian. Nic. (Mart. Testimonies of the Ancients in Favor of Eusebius. (17) Sections and Canons. Eusebius of Nicomedia was initially bishop of Berytus (modern day Beirut) in Phoenicia. Dedicated to Rev. At some time during the last twenty years of the third century he visited Antioch, where he made the acquaintance of the priest Dorotheus, and heard him expound the Scriptures (Church History VII.32). (6) The Life of Constantine, in four books. Extracts from the original are preserved. 544, 545). IV, pp. to O. T. in Greek", pp. Athanas., "Apol. An indignant bishop, who had been one of his fellow-prisoners and "lost an eye for the Truth", demanded at the Council of Tyre how "he came off scathless". A little curious about his own books? Basil's words, Lightfoot thinks that in this treatise Eusebius dealt with the difficulty presented by the Patriarchs possessing more than one wife. (3) The same codex and also the Vatican and Alexandrine quote a colophon like the above, with the difference that Antoninus has become a confessor, and Pamphilus is in prison — "Antoninus the confessor compared, Pamphilus corrected". ", VII, 8, and in the "Dem. By a slip of the pen or the memory, Lightfoot (p. 309) makes Dorotheus a priest of the Church of Cæsarea. (8) "Against Porphyry", a work in twenty-five books of which not a fragment survives. "This work seems to have been a general introduction to theology, and its contents were very miscellaneous as the extant remains show" (L., p. 339). Eusebius of Caesarea is to be distinguished from his contemporary Eusebius of Nicomedia. It was published and translated in the "Journal of Sacred Literature" by Mr. H. B. Cowper (New Series, V, pp. There is, of course, the question of priority. (32) On the Discrepancies of the Gospels, in two parts. 77, 78). But as regards his diction, it is by no means either pleasing or brilliant. The Arians soon found that for all practical purposes Eusebius was on their side. "The emperor upon hearing these things becomes very angry and orders that a synod be convoked in Phoenicia in the city of Tyre; he also gave orders that Eusebius and some others should act as judges: these persons moreover had leaned somewhat too far toward the vulgarity of the Arians. In the remaining eight the testimonies of the prophets concerning Christ are treated of. During the persecution Eusebius visited Tyre and Egypt and witnessed numbers of martyrdoms (Church History VII.7-9). But the Son of God himself, knowing well that he was greater than all, and knowing that he was other than the Father, and less than and subject to Him, very piously teaches this to us also when he says, "The Father who sent me is greater than I."' He argues further that Pamphilus, in order to make Eusebius his heir, took the necessary step of adopting him. The Discrepancies were largely borrowed from by St. Jerome and St. Ambrose, and have thus indirectly exercised a considerable influence on Biblical studies. May 1, 1909. Kevin Knight. Eusebius's good faith and sincerity has been amply vindicated by Lightfoot. It treats of the cosmic function of the Word, the nature of man, the need of revelation, etc. In the controversy over Arianism, Eusebius favored the semi-Arian views of Eusebius of Nicomedia, and he once gave refuge to Arius. During the persecution Eusebius visited Tyre and Egypt and witnessed numbers of martyrdoms (Church History VII.7-9). ", The same, in his Epistle to Minervius and Alexander, "I both in manhood and in extreme old age am of the same opinion, that Origen and Eusebius of Caesarea were indeed very learned men, but went astray in the truth of their opinions. (42) At the Tricennalia of Constantine. It consisted of six books, the last of which was added by Eusebius. Vol. According to Duchesne (Hist. This work is referred to by Eusebius twice, in the "Præp. ", VII, 8, and in the "Dem. 5), calls Eusebius of Cæsarea the latter’s brother. Pat. Basil's words, Lightfoot thinks that in this treatise Eusebius dealt with the difficulty presented by the Patriarchs possessing more than one wife. One objection to this view may be noted. Too humble to write anything himself, he spent his time in preparing accurate copies of the Scriptures and other books, especially those of Origen. Gressel, who has edited the "Theophania" for the Berlin edition of the Greek Fathers, takes the opposite view. Another interpolation in the Jewish historian, which he quotes elsewhere (11, 23), was certainly known to Origen (l. c.). If this was to be done, and new matter (i.e. Early in 309 Pamphilus and several of his disciples were beheaded. (15) "On the Numerous Progeny of the Ancients". . Besides the passage quoted in the council, other parts of the letter to Constantia are extant. Mothers and Martyrdom: Familial Piety and the Model of the Maccabees in Eusebius of Caesarea’s Ecclesiastical History, James Corke-Webster 4. These were written during the persecution. — Church History VII.26). The tenth book of the Church History records the defeat of Licinius in 323, and must have been completed before the death and disgrace of Crispus in 326, for it refers to him as Constantine's "most pious son". From Jerusalem they were summoned to Constantinople (336), where Marcellus was condemned. So also in his epistle to the holy Alexander, the teacher of the great Athanasius, which begins thus: `With what anxiety and with what care have I set about writing this letter,' in most open blasphemy he speaks as follows concerning Arius and his followers: `Thy letter accuses them of saying that the Son was made out of nothing, like all men. This seems to have been the opening address delivered at the Council of Nicæa. APA citation. The Discrepancies were largely borrowed from by St. Jerome and St. Ambrose, and have thus indirectly exercised a considerable influence on Biblical studies. Pamphilus was certainly not idle in prison. The notices in the Church History bearing on the New Testament canon are so important that a word must be said about the rule followed by Eusebius in what he recorded and what he left unrecorded. . ", Jerome, in his Epistle to Ctesiphon against the Pelagians, "He did this in the name of the holy martyr Pamphilus, that he might designate with the name of the martyr Pamphilus the first of the six books in defense of Origen which were written by Eusebius of Caesarea, whom every one knows to have been an Arian. He was offered and refused the vacant see. At the opening of the Council of Nicæa Eusebius occupied the first seat on the right of the emperor, and delivered the inaugural address which was "couched in a strain of thanksgiving to Almighty God on his, the emperor's behalf" (Vit. He certainly did not shun danger, and was at one time a prisoner. Copyright © 2020 by Kevin Knight. Eloquent testimonies to the care bestowed by Pamphilus and Eusebius on the sacred text are found in Biblical manuscripts which have reproduced their colophons. For also in many places in these books it is plain to be seen that he blasphemes against the Son, calling him a second cause, and general-in-chief, and other terms which have had their origin in the Arian madness. May 1, 1909. The shorter form is found in most manuscripts (not, however, in the best) of the Church History, sometimes at the end of the last book, generally between books VIII and IX, also in the middle of book VIII. He was a Bishop included in the Arab Caliphate in Phoenicia. (41) On the Sepulchre of the Saviour, A.D. 325 (Vit. III, p. viii). This article was transcribed for New Advent by WGKofron. Ruffin., I, ix), survives. But the reference to Manes as "the maniac of yesterday" certainly suggests a writer who is alluding to what happened within his own personal recollection. Doubtless also the omission of the owl in the account of Herod Agrippa's death (Church History II.10) was already in some texts of Josephus (Ant., XIX, 8, 2). II, p. There is, of course, the question of priority. They do not say this, but clearly declare that he was not as one of the creatures. Still, the missing conclusion may explain why Eusebius curtailed his account of the Martyrs. Eusebius of Nicomedia was an Arian priest, the man who baptised Constantine the Great. Basil (On the Holy Spirit 29), where he says, "I draw attention to his [Eusebius's] words in discussing the difficulties started in connexion with ancient polygamy." Arguing from St. In the very beginning of his book, where he quotes David as saying, `He spake and they were made, he commanded and they were estab- lished,' he says that the Father and Maker is to be considered as maker and universal ruler, governing by a kingly nod, and that the second after him in authority, the divine Word, is subject to the commands of the Father. According to Duchesne (Hist. Athanas., "Apol. (1) the following is prefixed to Ezechiel in the codex Marchalianus. (3) On the Martyrs of Palestine. Although popularly known as "The Father of Church History" because of his ten volumes on the history of the Christian Church from New Testament times to just before the Council of Nicea, Eusebius was an omnibus writer. Out of devotion to his memory Eusebius called himself Eusebius Pamphili, meaning, probably, that he wished to be regarded as the bondsman of him whose name "it is not meet that I should mention … without styling him my lord" (Mart. But he also accused the Arians, since, in saying that 'the Son did not exist before that he was begotten,' they also deny that he existed before Mary. Lightfoot rejects this view chiefly on the ground that "the Text of the codex in many respects differs too widely from the readings found in Eusebius". His relations, later on, with the Emperor Constantine point to the same conclusion. St. There are two distinct forms of this work, both drawn up by Eusebius. (14) The "Theophania" or "Divine Manifestation". Eusebius, Bishop of Caesarea . Litz, 1897, p. 300), Preuschen returns to his original idea, and further suggests that the shorter form must have been joined to the Church History by some copyist who had access to Eusebius's manuscripts Harnack (Chronologie, 11, 115) holds to the priority of the longer form, but he thinks that the shorter form was composed almost at the same time for readers of the Church History. Eusebius of Caesarea (ca. (31) Commentary on Hebrews. This work is generally known as the "De Laudibus Constantini". In 334 and 335 he took part in the campaign against St. Athanasius at the synods held in Cæsarea and Tyre respectively. He was a great friend to indigent students, supplying them to the best of his ability with the necessaries of life, and bestowing on them copies of the Holy Scripture. (3) The same codex and also the Vatican and Alexandrine quote a colophon like the above, with the difference that Antoninus has become a confessor, and Pamphilus is in prison — "Antoninus the confessor compared, Pamphilus corrected". I. The history of the preservation of the three letters, (45) to Alexander of Alexandria, (46) to Euphrasion, or Euphration, (47) to the Empress Constantia, is sufficiently curious. There was nothing original about his work except the use he made of Philostratus's Life of Apollonius of Tyana to institute a comparison between the Lord and Apollonius in favour of the latter. 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